Electric lamp



(No Model.)

R. GEELHAAR an P. SURY ELECTRIC LAMP.

Patented Dec. b, 1881.

ATTEST. iufm@ N. PETERS, Phowunmgmuf'. wnshinmon. D. c.

PATENT FFICO RENE GEELHAAR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND PAUL SURY, OF JERSEY CITY,- NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

` SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,438, dated December 6, 1881.

Application tiled May 21,1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, REN GEELHAAR, ot' the city, county, and State of New York, and PAUL SURY, ofJersey Git y, in the State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Lamps; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ot' the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it 1o appertains to make and use the same,refereuce being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relatesto electric lamps; and

i5 it consists of a pair of hollow carbons, in combination with an inclosing-shell, electrical connections completing` a circuit, and devices for holding` said carbons in contact with one another.

shell or globe with a pair of carbons, a spring for pressing said carbons together, a metal sleeve provided with springs for holding one of the carbons, and electrical connections coinpleting the circuit.

It also consists in certain other details of construction hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l represents a central verticalr section of our incandescent lamp.

3o Fig. 2 represents a cross-section of the larger carbon cylinder. Fig. 3 representsa plan view ot', the clasp-springs holding the smaller carbon cylinder. v

In Fig. l is shown a transparent shell or globe, A, provided with an annular rim, B, projecting from its exterior at the base. The said rim B rests on the plane ot' the annular projection U, which extendsinwardly from the wall of the metal base D. The said wall is 4o screw-threaded on its outer circumference, on which is screwed a metal collar, E, which is put into position by sliding it over the shell or globe A until it reaches the threads on the wall of the metal base D, and is screwed down un- 4.5 til the annular projection F reaches the upper surface of the rim B, which is ground in order to insure a perfect airtightjoint.

The annular recess or channel G is provided with chemicals, which we employ for the absorption of oxygen which may exist within the It also consists inthe combination ofa closed transparent shell or globe after having been hermetically sealed.

The central projection, H, ofthe metal base' D is screw-threaded on the inner circumference of its wall, the said wall forming a chamber, in which chemicals are placed, for the purpose as hereinafter stated. A copper pipe, I, is screwed into the projection H, and is screwthreaded on its inner surface at the top for the reception of a carbon cylinder, K, which is accurately adjusted by two or more springs, L L', which are fastened to the copper pipe I by means of small screws. The upper portion of the carbon cylinder K is slightly inclined for the purpose of forming a perfect electrical contact with the smaller carbon cylinder M, which forms the incandescence of the lamp. The l wall of this cylinder is made very thin in order to produce the desired effect. The said carbon cylinder M is held in position by four claspsprings, N N N2 N3, a plan of which is shown in Fig. 3. The said clasp-springs are fastened to the base of a copper sleeve, O, held down in position by a steel spring, P, which rests on a projection of said sleeve O and presses 7 5 up against a coppercollar, It, which is firmly fastened to the copper rod T, extending from the upper part of the interiorof the shell or globe A, down through the carbon cylinders K and M, to a metal seat, W, into which it is screwed, the said metal seat being insulated on the base of the chemical-chamber U, within the projection H, extending from the base D. The lower part of the metal seat W is made in contact with a metal strip, G, extending from the same to the positive binding-post B, which is also insulated at the base D.

The electrical connection is made with the positive binding-post B, which conducts the current through the metal strip O, then to the metal seat IV, thence to the rod T, from said rod to the copper collar R,thence to the spring P, to the copper sleeve O, which is electrically connected with the clasp-springs N N N2 N3, holding the small carbon cylinder M, through which the current travels to the larger carbon cylinder K, thence to the copper pipe I, which is electrically connected with the metal base D, which is also electrically connected with the negative binding-post d, thus completing ioo the electrical circuit required. The larger carbon cylinder K is made hollow, which is large enough to prevent an electrical connection with the copper rod T, which becomes heated by the incandescence, thus causing the said rod to expand, and in doing so it forces the shell or globe A upward, by which a perfect air-tight joint is maintained in any degree of atmospheric temperature while thelamp is burning. The entire lower edge of the smaller carbon cylinder M must touch the larger carbon cylinder K equally and slightly, as the electrical connection is made between them in thesalne manner as that of the ferdermann system.

.In order to produce a vacuum or a partial or approximate vacuum within the shell or globe. it will he necessary to partly till the annular chamber Gr with pyrogallate of potassium, sulphate of iron, chloride of iron, or metallic sodium, either of which is an absorbent of oxygen, whereby a partial vacuum or highly-raretied condition ofthe contents of said shell will be produced and maintained by the absorption of the oxygen, leaving nitrogen gas of a low tension. It' the second chamber, U, be iilled with freshly-burned charcoal, a large portion of the nitrogen will be absorbed and the approximation to a vacuum be made more nearly perfect. Now, in order to protect the chemicals in the chamber G from the heat of the incandescence, we employ two or more diaphragms, e e,'of refractory substance, held against the copper pipe I, whereby we prevent all downward radiation of the heat, and at the same time keep the joints comparatively cool. The said diaphragms will also arrest all small particles which may fall from the carbons and prevent them from coming in contact with the chemicals. The central chemical-chamber, U, is also protected by a diaphragm, f, which operates substantially as that ofthe others, c e', and is held to the copper rod T. The perforated dia phragm gallowschemicalaction on the oxygen. Ve are aware that itis old to employ within an incandescent lamp a single hollow carbon ofa cylindrical form which is electrically connected at each end by metal bands. This arrangement within a hermetically-sealed globe is objectionable, for the reason that the metal bands attached to the cai-bons will become heated by the incandescence, causing the same to expand, whereby it will become disengaged, thus breaking the circuit and destroying the light at that portion, the consequence ol'which produces an imperfect incandescence. This Vobjection is obviated by a part of our invention, in which we employ two carbon cylinders to operate in the same manner as that of the Werdermann system, of which a full description has been given.

We are also aware that a diaphragm supporting metal rods for holding carbons within a hermetically-sealed globe has also been employed but in this case the rods are made in separateparts, one being much longer than that of the other. \Vh en the two rods become heated they will expand; the longer one, expanding the most, will cause the cai-bons to separate beyond their electrical contact, thus breaking the electrical circuit, which at that moment destroys the light. This irregularity is objectionable, and is obviated by our invention, which we have so constructed that it is impossible to destroy the electrical connections of the carbons by the expansion or contraction of the metals.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an electrical lamp, a pair of hollow cnrbons, in combination with an inclosingshell, electrical connections completinga circuit, and devices for holding said carbons in contact with one another, substantially as described.

2. In an electric lamp, the combination of sleeve I, springs L L', attached thereto, and a carbon clasped by said springs and inserted in the end of said sleeve, with a second carbon, a spring which forces one of these carbons against the other, and a closed shell or globe inclosing the aforesaid parts, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In an electric lamp, the combination of a closed shell or globe, a pair of hollow carbon cylinders, spring P, copper sleeve O, carbonholding springs N, atid rod T, arranged and operating substantially as set forth.

4. lncombinatiou with a closcdshell, A,and base D, having screw-threaded part Irl, the upper pipe, I, engaging therewith, and diaphragms e c', supported by attachments of said pipe, substantially as set forth.

5. The base D of an electric lamp, formed with a receptacle, G, for oxygen-absorbing chemicals, in combination with perforated diaphragm g, hollow shell A,and the carbons and electric connections, opera-ting substantially as set forth.

(l. The combination of tube I, externally screw-threaded at olie end, with base D, into which said end screws, springs L, which are attached to the other end, carbon IC, clasped by said springs, carbon M, in contact with carbon K, and devices for holding said carbons together and for completing the electric circuit.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands this 19th day of May, 1881.

REN GEELHAAR. P. SURY. Witnesses:

N. F. HURDLE, Jas. S. BEACH.

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